What is the term for the test that determines the percentage of various types of leukocytes in a blood sample?

The term that refers to the test determining the percentage of various types of leukocytes in a blood sample is known as the WBC Differential. This test specifically analyzes the different types of white blood cells present, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. It provides important information about the immune status and can help in diagnosing various conditions, such as infections, allergies, and blood disorders.

The WBC Differential is crucial because each type of leukocyte has a distinct role in the body’s immune response. For example, an elevated number of neutrophils might indicate a bacterial infection, while an increase in lymphocytes may suggest viral infections or chronic conditions. Therefore, interpreting the proportions of these cells can provide valuable insights into the individual's health.

In contrast, hematocrit measures the proportion of blood volume that is made up of red blood cells, while a complete blood count encompasses several tests, including the WBC Differential but goes beyond just leukocyte analysis to include measurements of red blood cells, hemoglobin, and platelets. Blood typing identifies the specific blood groups based on antigens present on red blood cells and does not relate to leukocyte analysis.